State power reproduces a common, diffused subjectivity across every citizen

Evidence

All this was not just control but training for the sake of the remolding, refashioning, and, in short, re-creation of subjectivities through sovereign power. With the maturation of educational, bureaucratic, and discipline-based institutions, the formation of the state subject was now complete. But the subjectivity of the subject, far from being individual or unique, was common and diffused; for after all, subjectivity was the product of one and the same interdependent and intersecting system. One can now count on relatively unified syllabi and textbooks, on integrated nation-wide programs in education, economy, and politics. The unity of the subject embodied and expressed the unity of the nation, for nearly every subject was a microcosm of the nation. — Wael Hallaq, Restating Orientalism, 201

Categorization

• XREF: Connects to Foucault’s disciplinary power and the Panopticon discussion in earlier chapters of this book. — connects to: Ordinary daily experience is shaped by the political powers that rule it. — Herbert Marcuse, One-Dimensional Man: Studies in the…, 667; The administrative state produces unpolitical citizens within a political society — Rolf Wiggershaus, The Frankfurt School: Its History,…, 2337; Every social objectivity is constituted through excluding acts of power. — Chantal Mouffe, The Democratic Paradox, 95