Scapegoating requires large shared frustrations plus a blaming ideology.

Evidence

Thus, it is not true that any type of frustration will lead to the scapegoating of a social group or that any vulnerable group will serve as a scapegoat. Rather, (a) the frustrations must involve large-scale, shared events that require social, rather than personal, explanations; (b) the groups that are scapegoated will be ones that can plausibly be viewed as causing the events; (c) enough similarly frustrated individuals must adopt a shared ideology that explains their frustrations as being intentionally caused by the targeted group; and (d) this ideology must endorse aggression against the scapegoated group as necessary to solving the problems. — Leonard S. Newman and Ralph Erber (eds.), Understanding Genocide, 794

Categorization

• XREF: connects to: Weimar-era normative upheaval stripped Germans of cultural buffers against existential terror. — Leonard S. Newman and Ralph Erber (eds.), Understanding Genocide: The Social…, 512; Instigators rise by offering hope in crises that relies on scapegoating. — Leonard S. Newman and Ralph Erber (eds.), Understanding Genocide: The Social…, 1704; Nazi Party followers faced the greatest uncertainty and self-esteem threats — Leonard S. Newman and Ralph Erber (eds.), Understanding Genocide: The Social…, 915 (+20 more)

Broader Connections

• Shared frustrations from difficult life conditions precede collective scapegoating. #corroborates (0.95) — John F. Dovidio, Peter Glick, Laurie A. Rudman, On the Nature of Prejudice, 1591
• Scapegoating operates through collective frustrations and ideology, not individual aggression. #corroborates (0.95) — John F. Dovidio, Peter Glick, Laurie A. Rudman, On the Nature of Prejudice, 1573
• Individual frustrations produce personal blame; group frustrations produce outgroup blame. #corroborates (0.90) — , Rudman, Laurie A - On the Nature of…, 1578
• Collective frustration acts through ideology rather than directly causing aggression #expands (0.90) — , Rudman, Laurie A - On the Nature of…, 1573
• Difficult times heighten basic needs that scapegoat movements exploit #corroborates (0.90)
• Scapegoat movements exploit frustrated needs for esteem, belonging, and security. #expands (0.85)
• Individual frustration and organized persecution are distinct phenomena. #expands (0.85)
• Individual frustrations target persons while shared frustrations target groups. #corroborates (0.85) — John F. Dovidio, Peter Glick, Laurie A. Rudman, On the Nature of Prejudice, 1578
• Individual-level frustration theories cannot explain why mass scapegoating spreads consensually across a whole society. #complicates (0.85)
• Scapegoating is a group-coordinated ideological phenomenon. #expands (0.80)
• Group-level frustration explains when scapegoating starts but not who gets blamed. #expands (0.80) — John F. Dovidio, Peter Glick, Laurie A. Rudman, On the Nature of Prejudice, 1583
• Only groups perceived as powerful and hostile get scapegoated for frustrations #expands (0.80) — , Rudman, Laurie A - On the Nature of…, 1584
• Mass scapegoating cannot be explained by millions sharing identical individual frustrations. #complicates (0.80)
• Politicization requires blaming an external opponent for one’s grievances. #corroborates (0.75) — John T. Jost and Jim Sidanius, Political Psychology, 4429
• Scapegoating theories differ on frustration’s source but share an irrational-displacement core #qualifies (0.75) — John F. Dovidio, Peter Glick, Laurie A. Rudman, On the Nature of Prejudice, 1569