Runnymede’s 1997 Islamophobia framework is a liberal construct defining harm as unfounded hostility

Evidence

‘Islamophobia … is about contestation and the power to set the political vocabulary and legal ground of recognition and redress, naming and claiming Islamophobia as a social category with legal purchase’ (Vakil 2011: 277). As presented by Runnymede in 1997, Islamophobia was anatomized and analysed in the context of liberal and social democratic values. Indeed, the harms identified as Islamophobic make no sense without these other, positive values. ‘The term Islamophobia’, the report stated, ‘refers to unfounded hostility towards Islam.’ The report went on at length to develop a contrast between what it called ‘closed’ and ‘open’ views of Islam. ‘Phobic dread of Islam’ is said to be the recurring characteristic of closed views which have malign practical consequences: first, unfair discrimination against Muslim individuals and communities and, second, exclusion of Muslims from mainstream political and social affairs. This we might take to be the liberal characterization of Islamophobia, derived from a tradition of late- 20th-century responses to racism. The roots of the problem are seen to lie in prejudice, in faulty cognition, and the answer lies in respect for empirical variation (which will undermine any negative generalization about Islam or Muslims) and rational debate. — A. Hussain, N. Meer, Framing Muslim Integration, 715

Categorization

• DEFINE: Anchors the Runnymede ‘closed vs open views of Islam’ framework within a liberal, social-democratic tradition — exactly the reading purpose’s first camp.
• XREF: Positions this against Bleich’s neutral concept-formation and the later racialization turn. — connects to: Runnymede defines Islamophobia as closed views of Islam — Runnymede Trust, Islamophobia: A Challenge for Us All, 24; The 1997 Runnymede definition fused hostility to Islam with discrimination against Muslims — Runnymede Trust (ed. Farah Elahi & Omar Khan), Islamophobia: Still a Challenge for Us…, 158; The 1997 Runnymede report defined Islamophobia as faith-based discrimination beyond ethnicity — Runnymede Trust (ed. Farah Elahi & Omar Khan), Islamophobia: Still a Challenge for Us…, 185 (+12 more)

Related

• The 1997 Runnymede definition fused hostility to Islam with discrimination against Muslims (similarity 0.93)
• Runnymede defines Islamophobia as closed views of Islam (similarity 0.93)
• The Runnymede report defines Islamophobia inconsistently across sentiment, prejudice, and discrimination. (similarity 0.93)
• The Runnymede definition conflates Islamophobia’s effects with its core (similarity 0.92)
• The 1997 Runnymede report defined Islamophobia as faith-based discrimination beyond ethnicity (similarity 0.92)
• The Runnymede report introduced Islamophobia as marking Muslim-specific experience beyond shared discrimination. (similarity 0.92)
• The Runnymede model so dominated Islamophobia discourse that it escaped critical scrutiny (similarity 0.91)
• The Runnymede Report redefined Islamophobia around closed views of Islam (similarity 0.91)
• The Runnymede Trust defines Islamophobia as a form of racism against Muslims (similarity 0.90)
• Definitions of Islamophobia double as policy interventions, not neutral analysis (similarity 0.90)
• The 1997 Runnymede Commission already distinguished open from closed views of Islam. (similarity 0.90)
• The Runnymede report classed Islamophobia as racism without defining it as racism (similarity 0.90)
• The Islamophobia concept was born partly from Runnymede’s earlier antisemitism work (similarity 0.90)
• Runnymede redirects the term’s focus toward discrimination and exclusion (similarity 0.90)
• The Runnymede Report’s definition of Islamophobia shifted and changed within its own pages. (similarity 0.89)

Broader Connections

• The 1997 Runnymede definition fused hostility to Islam with discrimination against Muslims #corroborates (0.85) — Runnymede Trust (ed. Farah Elahi & Omar Khan), Islamophobia, 158
• The 1997 Runnymede report defined Islamophobia as faith-based discrimination beyond ethnicity #corroborates (0.80) — Runnymede Trust (ed. Farah Elahi & Omar Khan), Islamophobia, 185
• Defining Islamophobia as ‘unfounded’ makes its denial subjectively defensible #expands (0.80) — Chris Allen, Islamophobia, 657
• Definitions of Islamophobia double as policy interventions, not neutral analysis #expands (0.80) — Runnymede Trust (ed. Farah Elahi & Omar Khan), Islamophobia, 102
• Anti-Islamophobia frameworks can reproduce the very homogenization they oppose #expands (0.80) — Chris Allen, Islamophobia, 397
• The Runnymede Report redefined Islamophobia around closed views of Islam #expands (0.75) — Chris Allen, Islamophobia, 348
• The term Islamophobia entered policy prominence through Runnymede’s 1997 report. #corroborates (0.75) — A. Hussain, N. Meer, Framing Muslim Integration, 78
• The Runnymede Trust popularized the term Islamophobia in 1997. #corroborates (0.75)
• Liberal Islamophobia condemns Islam-bashing while championing programs that target Muslims #expands (0.75) — Arsalan Iftikhar, Fear of a Muslim Planet_ Global…, 712
• The Runnymede model so dominated Islamophobia discourse that it escaped critical scrutiny #expands (0.75) — Chris Allen, Islamophobia, 914
• Poorly grounded definitions of Islamophobia fuel polarised claim and counter-claim #expands (0.75) — Chris Allen, Islamophobia, 101
• The Runnymede report classed Islamophobia as racism without defining it as racism #expands (0.75) — Chris Allen, Islamophobia, 264
• The Islamophobia concept was born partly from Runnymede’s earlier antisemitism work #corroborates (0.70) — Runnymede Trust (ed. Farah Elahi & Omar Khan), Islamophobia, 692