Resting-state fMRI reveals connectivity differences in numerous brain regions in tinnitus.

Evidence

Results indicate differences in connectivity between healthy and affected subject groups. One result showed reduced connectivity between the left and right auditory cortex, indicative of disturbed excitation and inhibition across hemispheres (Kim et al. 2012 ). A different study found that in individuals with tinnitus connectivity was increased in numerous brain regions, including the cerebellum, parahippocampal gyrus, and sensorimotor areas. Decreased connectivity was found in the right primary auditory cortex, left prefrontal, left fusiform gyrus, and bilateral occipital regions (Maudoux et al. 2012a , b ). … In addition, enhanced functional connectivity between auditory cortex and the homologue frontal gyrus was observed, indicative of enhanced connectivity of auditory networks with attention networks (Chen et al. 2015b ). — Dijk, Pim van, Physiology, Psychoacoustics and…, 2707

Results indicate differences in connectivity between healthy and affected subject groups. One result showed reduced connectivity between the left and right auditory cortex, indicative of disturbed excitation and inhibition across hemispheres (Kim et al. 2012 ). A different study found that in individuals with tinnitus connectivity was increased in numerous brain regions, including the cerebellum, parahippocampal gyrus, and sensorimotor areas. Decreased connectivity was found in the right primary auditory cortex, left prefrontal, left fusiform gyrus, and bilateral occipital regions (Maudoux et al. 2012a , b ). — Dijk, Pim van, Physiology, Psychoacoustics and…, 2703

One result showed reduced connectivity between the left and right auditory cortex, indicative of disturbed excitation and inhibition across hemispheres (Kim et al. 2012 ). A different study found that in individuals with tinnitus connectivity was increased in numerous brain regions, including the cerebellum, parahippocampal gyrus, and sensorimotor areas. Decreased connectivity was found in the right primary auditory cortex, left prefrontal, left fusiform gyrus, and bilateral occipital regions (Maudoux et al. 2012a , b ). … Very recently, altered interhemispheric functional connectivity was shown and linked with specific tinnitus characteristics in chronic tinnitus patients (Chen et al. 2015a ). In addition, enhanced functional connectivity between auditory cortex and the homologue frontal gyrus was observed, indicative of enhanced connectivity of auditory networks with attention networks (Chen et al. 2015b ). — Dijk, Pim van, Physiology, Psychoacoustics and…, 2703

Results indicate differences in connectivity between healthy and affected subject groups. One result showed reduced connectivity between the left and right auditory cortex, indicative of disturbed excitation and inhibition across hemispheres … A different study found that in individuals with tinnitus connectivity was increased in numerous brain regions, including the cerebellum, parahippocampal gyrus, and sensorimotor areas. Decreased connectivity was found in the right primary auditory cortex, left prefrontal, left fusiform gyrus, and bilateral occipital regions … All these results combined are thought to represent the influence tinnitus has on the networks encompassing memory, attention and emotion. Whether this is causal and which direction the causality goes remains unknown. — Dijk, Pim van, Physiology, Psychoacoustics and…, 2704

Categorization

• XREF: Connects to the reader’s prior tinnitus-and-auditory-cortex material; cross-references how pathology shows up as network-level rather than purely tonal phenomena. — connects to: Tinnitus patients show reduced default mode network connectivity and a blunted task effect. — Dijk, Pim van, Physiology, Psychoacoustics and…, 2747; Task-subtraction fMRI paradigms cancel out tinnitus-related brain activity — Dijk, Pim van, Physiology, Psychoacoustics and…, 2747; Resting-state connectivity analysis must filter physiological noise that inflates correlations (+5 more)
• QUESTION: Whether tinnitus-induced connectivity changes are causal and in which direction remains unresolved.
• corroborated: 6 independent passages support this claim — Dijk, Pim van, Physiology, Psychoacoustics and…, 2707; Dijk, Pim van, Physiology, Psychoacoustics and…, 2703; Dijk, Pim van, Physiology, Psychoacoustics and…, 2704

Broader Connections

• Task-subtraction fMRI paradigms cancel out tinnitus-related brain activity #contradicts (0.85) — Dijk, Pim van, Physiology, Psychoacoustics and…, 2747
• Resting-state connectivity reflects neural plasticity from deafness and reorganisation #expands (0.82) — Dijk, Pim van, Physiology, Psychoacoustics and…, 4273
• Cochlear implant users show weaker inter-hemispheric resting connectivity than normal-hearing listeners #exemplifies (0.80) — Dijk, Pim van, Physiology, Psychoacoustics and…, 4305
• Hearing loss causes the brain to amplify then fabricate sound as tinnitus #expands (0.80) — George Michelsen Foy, Zero Decibels, 331
• Resting-state connectivity analysis must filter physiological noise that inflates correlations #qualifies (0.75)
• Tinnitus affects 5-10 percent of people with CNS mechanisms largely unknown #corroborates (0.75)