Prejudice toward different groups is driven by stereotypes or emotions variably

Evidence

Allport missed some things, however. Perhaps the most important new insight is that many emotions, not only hatred, are involved in intergroup relations. Moreover, these differentiated emotions have distinct causes and effects. Allport’s model focused on hatred and considered negative emotions to be largely interchangeable, driven by a single inner “pool” of frustration that seeks an expression, even against a displaced target. However, current thinking on emotion distinguishes anger from fear, disgust, contempt, guilt, and other possibilities, as distinct emotions with different determinants (people’s appraisals of intergroup situations) and different effects (action tendencies). The current focus on the antecedents and consequences of differentiated emotional reactions provides predictive power beyond Allport’s more narrow focus on hatred. Recent work even demonstrates that prejudice can involve subjectively positive emotions; as noted earlier, research on the Stereotype Content Model shows that women, the elderly, and the handicapped often elicit sympathetic reactions that coexist with stereotypes of these groups’ incompetence (Fiske et al., 2002). — John F. Dovidio, Peter Glick, Laurie A. Rudman, On the Nature of Prejudice, 2282 (#expands, via linked claim)

Categorization

• XREF: connects to: Attitudes and emotions predict discrimination better than stereotypes do. — Erik Bleich, What Is Islamophobia and How Much Is…, 32; Specific stereotype combinations elicit distinct prejudiced emotions toward out-groups. — Susan T. Fiske et al., A Model of (Often Mixed) Stereotype…, 15; Most out-groups elicit mixed prejudice, not pure antipathy — Susan T. Fiske et al., A Model of (Often Mixed) Stereotype…, 123 (+12 more)

Broader Connections

• Distinct emotions rather than a single pool of hatred drive intergroup prejudice #expands (0.92) — John F. Dovidio, Peter Glick, Laurie A. Rudman, On the Nature of Prejudice, 2282