Pre-1800 European loanwords in Turkish were few and mostly Italian maritime terms.

Evidence

Until the beginning of the nineteenth century, and the massive intrusion of new ideas and objects and words to designate them, European loanwords in Turkish were very few, and most of them were Italian and maritime. — Bernard Lewis, From Babel to Dragomans, 162

Categorization

• XREF: Material evidence of the low volume of Ottoman-European contact — corroborates the marginality of early exchange that Said’s contact narrative presupposes.