Perspective-taking reduces bias by transferring self-attributes onto outgroup members.

Evidence

Because one of the main causes of ingroup bias is thought to be the association of the ingroup with the self (Cadinu & Rothbart, 1996), attributing traits associated with the self to the outgroup target is likely to lead to a more positive evaluation of her or him, which may then generalize to the outgroup as a whole. The increased cognitive accessibility of the self-concept after perspective-taking might also result in the preferential use of the self-concept rather than a stereotype schema to guide the categorization and evaluation of an outgroup member. — , Rudman, Laurie A - On the Nature of…, 1836

By inducing a merging of, or a perception of increased overlap between, the self and the other (see Aron et al., in press), perspective-taking makes thoughts about the target individual become more self-like (Galinsky & Moskowitz, 2000). Consequently, this increased self–target overlap means that a greater percentage of traits used to describe the self will be attributed to the target individual. Because one of the main causes of ingroup bias is thought to be the association of the ingroup with the self (Cadinu & Rothbart, 1996), attributing traits associated with the self to the outgroup target is likely to lead to a more positive evaluation of her or him, which may then generalize to the outgroup as a whole. — , Rudman, Laurie A - On the Nature of…, 1836

Categorization

• XREF: Self-target overlap mechanism parallels self-anchoring accounts of ingroup bias elsewhere in the vault; suggests contact effects operate through self-concept rather than mere exposure. — connects to: Taking another group’s perspective activates self-concept and increases perceived self-other overlap — Nyla R. Branscombe and Bertjan Doosje (eds.), Collective Guilt: International…, 1091; Perspective-taking shifts perceived similarity only among low group identifiers — Nyla R. Branscombe and Bertjan Doosje (eds.), Collective Guilt: International…, 1098; Perspective taking can weaken fear-based realistic threat via induced empathy. — Blake M. Riek, Eric W. Mania, and Samuel L. Gaertner, Intergroup Threat and Outgroup…, 166
• corroborated: 4 independent passages support this claim — , Rudman, Laurie A - On the Nature of…, 1836