Open-open tubes support standing waves with the same half-wavelength rule
Evidence
There are two other pairs of boundary arrangements that can support standing waves. The first, shown in Figure 1.35 and 1.36, is the case of a boundedto-unbounded propagation boundary at both ends. An example would be a tube or pipe that is open at both ends. In this situation, the pressure component is zero at the boundaries, whereas the velocity component is at a maximum, as shown in Figures 1.35 and 1.36. Like the hard reflecting boundaries, the minimum frequency for a standing wave occurs when there is precisely half a wavelength between the two boundaries, and at all subsequent multiples of this frequency. This means that Equation 1.35 can also be used to calculate the standing wave frequencies for this boundary arrangement. — David M. Howard, Jamie Angus, Acoustics and Psychoacoustics, 404
Categorization
Category: Factual Claims
- DEFINE: Explains the open-open tube boundary conditions and their frequency rule.
Related
- Supported standing-wave frequencies in bounded systems occur at odd multiples of the lowest (similarity 0.84)
- Standing waves arise from counter-propagating reflections with no net energy flow (similarity 0.83)
- Standing waves in tubes need specific node-antinode patterns at boundaries (similarity 0.82)
- An open pipe’s fundamental period equals twice its length divided by wave speed (similarity 0.80)
- Sound waves reflecting between two boundaries can form standing waves (similarity 0.79)
- Standing waves occur at all integer multiples of a fundamental frequency (similarity 0.79)
Broader Connections
- One closed and one open pipe end supports only odd quarter-wavelength standing waves
#complicates(0.85) — David Howard, Jamie Angus, coustics and Psychoacoustics, 404 - An open-open pipe’s modes form a complete harmonic series at integer multiples
#expands(0.85) — David Howard, Jamie Angus, coustics and Psychoacoustics, 407 - Mixed-end tubes resonate only at odd multiples of the fundamental frequency
#contradicts(0.82) — David Howard, Jamie Angus, coustics and Psychoacoustics, 405 - Standing waves arise when wall spacing equals half-wavelength multiples
#corroborates(0.80) — Toole, Floyd E, Sound reproduction- the acoustics and…, 1018 - Standing waves occur at all multiples of the lowest resonant frequency
#corroborates(0.80) — David M. Howard, Jamie Angus, Acoustics and Psychoacoustics, 396 - Sound waves reflecting between two boundaries can form standing waves
#expands(0.75) — David M. Howard, Jamie Angus, Acoustics and Psychoacoustics, 386 - Supported standing-wave frequencies in bounded systems occur at odd multiples of the lowest
#qualifies(0.75) — David M. Howard, Jamie Angus, Acoustics and Psychoacoustics, 410 - Standing waves arise from counter-propagating reflections with no net energy flow
#expands(0.72) — Ville Pulkki, Matti Karjalainen, Communication Acoustics- An…, 185