Only peasant-based revolutions succeeded while industrial workers failed to revolt

Evidence

Moreover, the revolutionary movements led by socialists failed—all, that is, but one. The Bolshevik Party had gained control over the revolutions in Russia, but in Germany, England, France, Hungary, and elsewhere, socialist revolutions either failed to materialize or when they did were aborted. Thus, in the most advanced industrialized societies—the presumed site of revolution—no revolutions were brought about, no workers movements came to power. In point of fact, the only two successful revolutions of the period had occurred in societies whose populations were predominantly peasants: Mexico and Russia. Not only were they predominantly peasant societies but peasant movements had played critical roles in the triumphs of their revolutions, throwing into question the presumption that industrial workers were to be the “instruments of philosophy.” — Cedric J. Robinson, Black Marxism_ The Making of the Black…, 982

Categorization

Category: Factual Claims

• XREF: This undermines the orthodox Marxist premise that industrial proletarians are the revolutionary class — a key premise for why Black radicalism had to theorize differently.

Related

• Successful revolutions of the era happened in peasant societies, not industrialized ones (similarity 0.97)
• Mainstream Marxists celebrated Russian peasant revolution while ignoring Black American rebellion (similarity 0.85)
• Modern socialism’s origins drew largely on artisans and shopkeepers, not an industrial proletariat (similarity 0.83)
• Revolutionary socialism triumphed only in predominantly peasant societies (similarity 0.83)
• Anti-imperialist peasant wars, not Western proletariats, drove twentieth-century revolutions. (similarity 0.83)
• Revolutionary consciousness formed through anti-imperialist struggles by peasant bases, not urban proletariats (similarity 0.82)
• Third World masses revive the revolutionary role the industrial proletariat lost (similarity 0.80)
• Marxism failed Black radicals because it misconprehended peasant and colonial liberation struggles (similarity 0.80)
• Lenin and Trotsky recognized peasant class struggle and its revolutionary potential (similarity 0.80)
• Racism and mobility myths prevented white workers from revolutionary consciousness (similarity 0.79)
• Marx’s novelty lay in siding with the proletariat, not in analyzing exploitation (similarity 0.79)
• The petit bourgeois intelligentsia dominated Marxist theory and the Bolshevik revolution (similarity 0.79)
• Lenin and Trotsky saw the peasantry as a revolutionary ally, unlike Marx (similarity 0.79)
• Slaves and agrarian workers, not industrial workers, attacked capitalism (similarity 0.78)
• Civil War general strike of Black and white workers prefigured the Russian Revolution pattern (similarity 0.78)