Meta-analytic inclusion relied on self-relevant theistic primes to activate in-group identity.

Evidence

Studies were excluded if the religious prime used terms from a religion different from the participants’ religious affiliation (e.g., Christian terms administered to Muslim participants) as the prime would not be self-relevant. Studies were also excluded if the religious prime referred to nontheistic religions (e.g., Buddhism) for two reasons. The number of such studies that fit the other inclusion criteria was limited to two studies and, since nontheistic religions emphasize universalism and tolerance, religious primes in such contexts may not change attitudes toward outgroups. Hence, we focused only on theistic religions to ensure that religious priming activated in-group identity rather than universalistic values. — Alexandra Snell, Miron Zuckerman, and Bonnie M. Le, Does Religious Priming Induce Greater…, 28

Categorization

• DEFINE: Clarifies the ‘self-relevance’ and ‘theistic-only’ inclusion criteria that define what counts as valid religious priming in this literature.
• QUESTION: Worth checking whether religious primes can ever activate universalistic rather than in-group values, or whether that framing itself biases results — the authors present it as a settled assumption.
• XREF: connects to: Theistic religious primes activate in-group identity while nontheistic ones activate universalism. — Annetta Snell and Miron Zuckerman and Bonnie M. Le, Does Religious Priming Induce Greater…, 28

Broader Connections

• Theistic religious primes activate in-group identity while nontheistic ones activate universalism. #expands (0.95) — Annetta Snell and Miron Zuckerman and Bonnie M. Le, Does Religious Priming Induce Greater…, 28