Legal toleration of demonstrations took half a century of struggle along three fronts

Evidence

Scholars have most carefully traced the demonstration’s emergence in England, France, and Ireland (Blackstock 2000; Farrell 2000; Favre 1990; Fillieule 1997a; Jarman 1997; Mirala 2000; Pigenet and Tartakowsky 2003; Robert 1996; Tartakowsky 1997, 1999; Tilly 1986, 1995a). In those countries, struggles for legal toleration of demonstrations lasted half a century or so. The struggles proceeded along three lines: extending to ordinary people the right of association that members of the ruling classes had long since enjoyed; expanding the right to hold public meetings from authorized bodies such as religious congregations, fraternal orders, workers’ guilds, militias, and parish councils to self-directed groups of citizens; and bargaining out the right of large self-directed groups to walk through the streets on the way to or from an assembly. — Charles Tilly, Regimes and Repertoires, 1194

Categorization

• XREF: The three struggles here — extending association rights to ordinary people, expanding who could legally hold public meetings, and bargaining street-walking rights — are exactly the channels by which regimes absorb new claim-making methods: relevant to testing whether absorption defuses or merely redirects subordinate-group politicization. — connects to: Authority tolerance of demonstrations lagged decades behind their practice — Charles Tilly, Regimes and Repertoires, 1191; Abolishing this right took eight hundred years of gradual change — , The Rod and the Child: A Global History…, 1391
• corroborated: 2 independent passages support this claim — Charles Tilly, Regimes and Repertoires, 1194

Broader Connections

• Abolishing this right took eight hundred years of gradual change #corroborates (0.78) — , The Rod and the Child, 1391