Islamophobia analysis must center Muslim agency and recognition, not mere Othering.

Evidence

While, then, understanding some contemporary treatment of Muslims and aspects of their societal status in terms of ‘racialization’ is an advance, the conceptualization of Muslims in the west should not be reduced to racialization or any other ‘Othering’ theoretical frame such as Orientalism. … Indeed, the dominant group typically projects its own fears and anxieties onto the minority. Minorities, however, are never merely ‘projections’ of dominant groups but have their own subjectivity and agency through which they challenge how they are (mis)perceived and seek to not be defined by others but to supplant negative and exclusionary stereotypes with positive and prideful identities. Oppressive misrecognitions, thus, sociologically imply and politically demand recognition. Our analyses therefore should be framed in terms of a struggle for recognition or a struggle for representation (Modood 2005). — Runnymede Trust (ed. Farah Elahi & Omar Khan), Islamophobia, 584

Categorization

• XREF: This stakes a position against the Runnymede 2017 racialization turn — Modood accepts racialization as an advance but refuses to reduce Islamophobia to it. Also connects to Halliday’s ‘anti-Muslimism’ critique of overbroad frames. — connects to: Unjustified normative presuppositions can themselves commit the sin of Othering. — A. Hussain, N. Meer, Framing Muslim Integration, 598; Islamophobia should be analyzed as power-relations rather than as error about Islam. — Chris Allen, Islamophobia, 828; Islamophobia requires an acknowledged Muslim or Islamic element to be identified. — Chris Allen, Islamophobia, 911 (+5 more)
• DEFINE: Defines the author’s ‘struggle for recognition’ frame as the corrective to Othering/racialization models in Islamophobia studies.

Broader Connections

• Islamophobia should be analyzed as power-relations rather than as error about Islam. #expands (0.85) — Chris Allen, Islamophobia, 828
• Islamophobia analysis unavoidably requires an explicit normative framework. #corroborates (0.82) — Runnymede Trust (ed. Farah Elahi & Omar Khan), Islamophobia, 592
• Islamophobia requires an acknowledged Muslim or Islamic element to be identified. #expands (0.80) — Chris Allen, Islamophobia, 911
• A valid Islamophobia concept must avoid essentialising Muslims or Islam. #corroborates (0.78) — Chris Allen, Islamophobia, 719
• Islamophobia study must adopt an explicitly justified normative framework such as multiculturalism #expands (0.75) — Runnymede Trust (ed. Farah Elahi & Omar Khan), Islamophobia, 597
• Islamophobic symbolic forms need not be false to function as Othering #complicates (0.72) — Chris Allen, Islamophobia, 840