Industrialist parties failed because they represented a class nexus, not one class.

Evidence

However, postwar secular nationalism, despite its radical promises, was ultimately a middle-class ideology that served the interests of its class. State capitalist measures, while moderately successful for a period, were unable to seriously address class inequalities and produce real economic change. Furthermore, in the 1970s many of these countries experienced crises that state capitalist methods were unable to resolve. The result was increased unemployment and growing class inequality—conditions that were only exacerbated with the introduction of neoliberal reforms. — Deepa Kumar, Islamophobia and the Politics of Empire, 327 (#corroborates, via linked claim)

Categorization

• XREF: connects to: Industrialists lack a permanent party and instead rotate support among existing ones; Secular nationalism failed because it was a middle-class ideology serving its own class — Deepa Kumar, Islamophobia and the Politics of Empire, 327

Related

• Secular nationalism failed because it was a middle-class ideology serving its own class (similarity 0.87)
• Deindustrialization shattered social democracy’s class coalition (similarity 0.78)
• Early Italian nationalists failed because aristocrats withheld support (similarity 0.78)

Broader Connections

• Secular nationalism failed because it was a middle-class ideology serving its own class #corroborates (0.85) — Deepa Kumar, Islamophobia and the Politics of Empire, 327