Secular nationalism failed because it was a middle-class ideology serving its own class

Evidence

However, postwar secular nationalism, despite its radical promises, was ultimately a middle-class ideology that served the interests of its class. State capitalist measures, while moderately successful for a period, were unable to seriously address class inequalities and produce real economic change. Furthermore, in the 1970s many of these countries experienced crises that state capitalist methods were unable to resolve. The result was increased unemployment and growing class inequality—conditions that were only exacerbated with the introduction of neoliberal reforms. — Deepa Kumar, Islamophobia and the Politics of Empire, 327

Categorization

• XREF: connects to: Ataturk’s secularization was a class struggle against the old Islamic ruling order — Deepa Kumar, Islamophobia and the Politics of Empire, 302; Political Islam’s rise depended on the collapse of secular nationalism — Deepa Kumar, Islamophobia and the Politics of Empire, 312; Islamism rose from secular nationalist failure, left weakness, and economic crises — Deepa Kumar, Islamophobia and the Politics of Empire, 323 (+8 more)

Broader Connections

• Arab nationalism failed concretely on unity, Palestine, and economics #corroborates (0.75) — Deepa Kumar, Islamophobia and the Politics of Empire, 329
• Nationalism subverted socialism and overtook capitalist development worldwide #corroborates (0.45) — Cedric J. Robinson, Black Marxism_ The Making of the Black…, 116
• Nationalism proved stronger than the class struggle in the modern world #corroborates (0.40) — Cedric J. Robinson, Black Marxism_ The Making of the Black…, 362