Individual HRTF measurements give the most accurate external ear emulation
Evidence
The best accuracy in emulating the external ear is achieved using measured HRTFs of an individual subject or of a dummy head. Typically, the middle ear transfer function is considered a band-pass filter with, say, a 6-dB/octave decreasing frequency response at frequencies below 800 Hz as well as above 1.5 kHz, as shown in Figure 7.5. — Ville Pulkki, Matti Karjalainen, Communication Acoustics- An…, 1608
Categorization
- XREF: connects to: Hearing adapts in real time to drastically modified HRTFs — Toole, Floyd E, Sound reproduction- the acoustics and…, 294; Perfect HRTF matching does not guarantee better headphone sound quality — Toole, Floyd E, Sound reproduction- the acoustics and…, 293; Personalized HRTFs improve sound externalization in binaural reproduction — Toole, Floyd E, Sound reproduction- the acoustics and…, 285 (+7 more)
Broader Connections
- Each person’s unique ear shape requires individualized acoustic rendering for 3-D audio
#corroborates(0.88) — David M. Howard, Jamie Angus, Acoustics and Psychoacoustics, 736 - Hearing adapts in real time to drastically modified HRTFs
#qualifies(0.85) — Toole, Floyd E, Sound reproduction- the acoustics and…, 294 - Individual ear shapes give each listener a unique head-related transfer function
#corroborates(0.85) — David M. Howard, Jamie Angus, Acoustics and Psychoacoustics, 736 - Head-related transfer functions are measured with in-ear microphones in anechoic chambers
#expands(0.85) — Ville Pulkki, Matti Karjalainen, Communication Acoustics- An…, 1410 - Each person’s directional hearing is calibrated to their own ear shape
#corroborates(0.85) — David M. Howard, Jamie Angus, Acoustics and Psychoacoustics, 732 - Personalized HRTFs improve sound externalization in binaural reproduction
#corroborates(0.82) — Toole, Floyd E, Sound reproduction- the acoustics and…, 285 - Personalized HRTFs enable elevated externalized spatial audio over headphones
#corroborates(0.82) - Perfect HRTF matching does not guarantee better headphone sound quality
#qualifies(0.80) — Toole, Floyd E, Sound reproduction- the acoustics and…, 293 - Individualized HRTF data is required for reliable crosstalk cancellation
#expands(0.74) — Toole, Floyd E, Sound reproduction- the acoustics and…, 305 - The hearing system adapts well to phantom stereo images despite conflicting HRTF cues
#complicates(0.72) — Toole, Floyd E, Sound reproduction- the acoustics and…, 564