Impedance equals applied force divided by attained velocity

Evidence

If there are no surfaces or reflections of any sort, the specific acoustical impedance is an intrinsic property of the medium, given by the product of the density of the medium ρ0 and the speed of sound in it c; z = ρ0c. — Eric J. Heller, Why You Hear What You Hear- An…, 102 (#expands, via linked claim)

Categorization

• XREF: connects to: Mass, stiffness, and friction each resist a distinct kinematic quantity; Resonance is universal constructive addition of force-driven velocity — Eric J. Heller, Why You Hear What You Hear- An…, 1012; Velocity response is the convenient quantity for impulse power (+7 more)

Related

• All acoustic impedances are ratios of force to velocity (similarity 0.96)
• A medium’s intrinsic acoustic impedance equals density times sound speed (similarity 0.89)
• Impedance is the ratio of force to velocity (similarity 0.88)
• Medium density and elasticity shape the pressure-velocity amplitude relation (similarity 0.87)
• Mass dominates impedance at high frequencies, stiffness at low frequencies (similarity 0.85)
• Velocity response is the convenient quantity for impulse power (similarity 0.85)
• Impedance is force divided by velocity and measures a body’s response to force. (similarity 0.85)
• Mass, stiffness, and friction each resist a distinct kinematic quantity (similarity 0.83)
• Acoustic refraction parallels optical refraction via material-dependent wave speed (similarity 0.82)
• Air transmits sound efficiently because adjacent air cells are impedance matched (similarity 0.82)
• A medium’s density and elasticity relate sound pressure to particle velocity. (similarity 0.81)
• Slow forcing gives stiffness-dominated impedance; sudden forcing gives mass-dominated impedance (similarity 0.81)
• Impedance rests on mass, stiffness, and friction as the three universal properties of matter (similarity 0.80)
• A free mass has impedance proportional to its mass and forcing frequency (similarity 0.79)
• High-frequency forcing is resisted by mass while low-frequency forcing is resisted by spring stiffness (similarity 0.78)

Broader Connections

• Impedance can be measured by controlling force or controlling speed, with equal results #corroborates (0.90)
• All acoustic impedances are ratios of force to velocity #expands (0.85)
• Mass dominates impedance at high frequencies, stiffness at low frequencies #expands (0.85) — Eric J. Heller, Why You Hear What You Hear- An…, 87
• A medium’s intrinsic acoustic impedance equals density times sound speed #expands (0.85) — Eric J. Heller, Why You Hear What You Hear- An…, 102
• Slow forcing gives stiffness-dominated impedance; sudden forcing gives mass-dominated impedance #expands (0.80) — Eric J. Heller, Why You Hear What You Hear- An…, 86
• Medium density and elasticity shape the pressure-velocity amplitude relation #expands (0.80)
• The ossicles mechanically transform impedance to overcome fluid resistance #qualifies (0.75)