Impedance is the ratio of force to velocity

Evidence

Plotting power as a function of frequency is unambiguous: a resonance corresponds to a peak, a maximum in power supplied by the source. Impedance, the currency of energy exchange, is force divided by velocity. On resonance, the forced mass responds with its largest velocity ν0 for a given force F0, so the impedance Z = F0/ν0 is a minimum on resonance. — Eric J. Heller, Why You Hear What You Hear- An…, 1008

Impedance is a measure of the ratio of the (sinusoidal) force applied to the speed attained. If we apply a large force and don’t get much speed out of our efforts, the impedance is high. If for the same force, the point where the force is being applied reaches a high velocity, the impedance is low. — Eric J. Heller, Why You Hear What You Hear- An…, 89

Categorization

• DEFINE: Defines impedance clearly as force divided by velocity, central to how the ear’s mechanical elements exchange acoustic energy.
• corroborated: 2 independent passages support this claim — Eric J. Heller, Why You Hear What You Hear- An…, 1008; Eric J. Heller, Why You Hear What You Hear- An…, 89