Franciscan friars could deliberately provoke Muslim rulers into martyring them by insulting Muhammad
Evidence
The Muslims took the friars to the “king” of Seville, whom the friars urged to convert, saying “many bad things about Muhammad and his damnable law.” The king had them imprisoned in a tower, from which they continued to preach, “damning Muhammad and his followers to eternal punishment.” (The chronicles do not say in which language the friars preached to the Saracens.) — John V. Tolan, Saracens, 1103 (
#corroborates, via linked claim)
Some missionaries seem to have allowed or encouraged ‘preaching’ and ‘disputation’ to degenerate into provocation. … In Seville they tried to break into the Friday mosque, and, when they were driven away by the crowd, as ‘ambassadors of the King of Kings’ they went and abused Muhammad and Islam outside the royal palace instead. — Norman Daniel, Islam and the West, 686 (
#corroborates, via linked claim)
Categorization
- XREF: connects to: Medieval friars debated whether provoking one’s own martyrdom was suicide; Almohad authorities responded mildly to Franciscans until forced into executing them.; Some Franciscan friars courted martyrdom by deliberately blaspheming Muhammad — Norman Daniel, Islam and the West, 2140 (+14 more)
Broader Connections
- Some Franciscan friars courted martyrdom by deliberately blaspheming Muhammad
#corroborates(1.00) — Norman Daniel, Islam and the West, 2140 - Medieval Franciscan missionaries deliberately provoked martyrdom by insulting Islam
#corroborates(1.00) — John V. Tolan, Saracens, 73 - Franciscan missionaries deliberately provoked Muslim authorities to secure martyrdom
#corroborates(1.00) — Norman Daniel, Islam and the West, 686 - Franciscan martyrs deliberately provoked Muslims to obtain their own deaths
#corroborates(1.00) — John V. Tolan, Saracens, 1106 - Christian friars seeking martyrdom openly insulted Muhammad before Muslim rulers
#corroborates(1.00) — John V. Tolan, Saracens, 1103 - Franciscan missionaries deliberately sought execution by abusing Islam publicly
#corroborates(1.00) — Norman Daniel, Islam and the West, 686 - Medieval martyrs deliberately provoked Muslim execution by insulting Muhammad
#corroborates(1.00) - Some friars actively sought martyrdom through intransigence
#corroborates(1.00) — Norman Daniel, Islam and the West, 2141 - Entering a mosque to denounce Muhammad disallowed entry became the Franciscan martyrdom template
#corroborates(1.00) — John V. Tolan, Saracens, 1103 - Christian missionaries deliberately provoked Muslim rulers into martyring them
#corroborates(1.00) - Muslim rulers repeatedly refused to execute Christian provocateur friars who sought martyrdom
#contradicts(1.00) — Norman Daniel, Islam and the West, 689 - Christian friars debated whether provoking Muslim executioners to martyrdom was licit
#complicates(0.95) — Norman Daniel, Islam and the West, 688 - Franciscan mission to Muslims prioritized seeking martyrdom over conversion
#complicates(0.85) — John V. Tolan, Saracens, 1109 - Franciscan martyr accounts re-framed Muslim rulers as Roman-style persecutors of apostles
#complicates(0.85) — John V. Tolan, Saracens, 1123 - Franciscan rule codified two official postures toward Muslims, humble or confrontational
#complicates(0.85) — John V. Tolan, Saracens, 1109