Early nineteenth-century carbonarist revolutions failed across Europe except in Greece

Evidence

1820-21 was the year of the first wave of “carbonarist” revolutions in Italy, France, Spain, Greece, etc. Only the Greek revolution had any durable results, but in various of the Italian states the risings had some initial success, notably in Piedmont, and at Naples. The second wave of carbonarist risings occurred in 1831, affecting notably Modena, Parma and the Papal State. — Antonio Gramsci, Selections from the Prison Notebooks, 2012

Categorization

Category: Factual Claims