Concept structures operate on different logics at the secondary and indicator levels.

Evidence

The basic framework is not only multidimensional but also multilevel. The multilevel feature of these complex concepts has not been clearly recognized and the implications of it are not always followed up on. The multilevel characteristic of these complex concepts is often critical because the logic of the concept structure is often quite different between the secondary level and the data–indicator level. — Gary Goertz, Social Science Concepts and Measurement, 246

Categorization

• DEFINE: Introduces the multilevel structure of complex concepts and distinguishes the secondary level (semantics, ontology) from the data–indicator level.
• XREF: Speaks directly to mixed-method concept formation in the reader’s econometric measurement work — the gap between semantic definition and operational aggregation.