Clash of civilizations rhetoric about Islam predates Huntington by seventy years

Evidence

These war cries, however, were not novel. Rather, they rehashed the ideas of an earlier American Orientalist, Basil Mathews, literary secretary of the World’s Alliance of the YMCA, who in 1926 published his book, Young Islam on Trek: A Study of the Clash of Civilizations. In it, Basil claimed that Islam was a military ideology and that its creed was conquest by the sword. The world was still divided into “us” versus “them,” but now “they” were Islamic fundamentalists—a euphemism for religious and dissident Muslims who would be treated as the most vexing Racial Muslims after 9/11. — Sahar F. Aziz, The Racial Muslim, 700

Categorization

• XREF: Parallels chapter history of Orientalism and how present-day rhetoric recycles older frameworks, like the anti-Chinese and anti-Semitic rhetoric of the early 20th century mentioned in the prior paragraph. — connects to: Post-Cold War conflict was framed by Huntington as civilizational cultural clash — Sarah Bracke and Luis Manuel Hernández Aguilar, “They Love Death as We Love Life”: The…, 174