Civilization and race are not identical, and culture outranks physical traits in dividing humanity

Evidence

Yet civilization and race are not identical. People of the same race can be deeply divided by civilization; people of different races may be united by civilization. In particular, the great missionary religions, Christianity and Islam, encompass societies from a variety of races. The crucial distinctions among human groups concern their values, beliefs, institutions, and social structures, not their physical size, head shapes, and skin colors. — Samuel P. Huntington, The Clash of Civilizations and the…, 111

Categorization

• DEFINE: Clarifies the boundary between two often-conflated schemes of human classification, grounding why civilizational analysis is distinct from racial analysis.
• XREF: connects to: Civilizational and racial nativism differ in whether they define enemies or essence. — John Higham, Strangers in the Land: Patterns of…, 55; Cultural essentialism divides civilizations and serves as a pillar of race making