Anti-Muslim racism rests on six entrenched ideological frames reproduced as media fact.
Evidence
Chapter 3 examines the persistence of Orientalism and its adaptations in the twenty-first century. It outlines six taken-for-granted ideological frames that are at the core of anti-Muslim racism today: Islam is a monolith; Islam is uniquely sexist and Muslim women need to be liberated by the West; Islam is anti-modern; the “Muslim mind” is incapable of science and rationality; Islam is inherently violent; the West spreads democracy because Muslims are incapable of democratic self-rule. These frames are part of an ideology that is so entrenched that those who offer a critical stance are given little credence. The primary definers of this ideology, which include politicians and other prominent public figures, set the terms of discussion, which are then reproduced in the news media as fact. — Deepa Kumar, Islamophobia and the Politics of Empire, 86
Categorization
Category: Definitional Content
- XREF: The six frames echo Edward Said’s Orientalism, and the “primary definers” concept parallels Stuart Hall’s encoding/decoding and the primary-definition literature in communication studies.
Related
- Anti-Muslim racism is produced across intersecting institutional spheres, not by any single source (similarity 0.82)
- All representations are embedded in their representer’s language, culture, and institutions. (similarity 0.79)
- Anti-Muslim racism operates through a distinct racial logic (similarity 0.78)