Anti-Muslim crisis periods simultaneously empower and marginalize Arab American communities

Evidence

Although Muslim Americans are bona fide citizens, their religious identity induces scrutiny of their citizenship status, patriotism, and belonging. This scrutiny is strongest after national crises, and specifically in the direct aftermath of a terror attack committed by a Muslim culprit. As constitutional law scholar Kenneth Karst writes, “In times of trouble … fears tend to focus on particular groups of cultural outsiders as a source of danger.” This is particularly true for Muslim Americans, whose religious affiliation can negate any legal or material claim to Americanness and hold them out to be threatening interlopers. — Khaled A. Beydoun, American Islamophobia_ Understanding…, 340 (#qualifies, via linked claim)

Categorization

• XREF: connects to: Islamophobic power can deploy oppositional tactics to advance Muslim marginalization; Categorical whiteness excludes Arabs and Muslims from the benefits of racial remedy in America; Islamophobic crisis produces simultaneous mainstreaming and marginalization of Arab American communities (+10 more)

Related

• Political crisis inclusion simultaneously mainstreams and marginalizes Arab-American communities (similarity 0.89)
• Islamophobic crisis produces simultaneous mainstreaming and marginalization of Arab American communities (similarity 0.89)
• Crisis-time scapegoating of religious out-groups masks political and economic causes (similarity 0.88)
• Muslim citizenship in America is negated by religious identity after crises (similarity 0.83)
• US immigrant Muslim status fluctuated with international crises involving their home countries (similarity 0.82)
• Muslim American communities joined progressive movements only after being targeted (similarity 0.82)
• Muslim Americans appeared only as hypothetical threat in 1789, not as real persons (similarity 0.81)
• Muslim lives are less grievable than American ones in public memory (similarity 0.81)
• Citizenship in America has historically been tied to whiteness and Christianity (similarity 0.80)
• Citizenship depends on community recognition, not just legal status (similarity 0.79)
• Anti-Arab racism in the US is rooted in the Palestinian struggle. (similarity 0.79)
• Removing the hijab is framed as an act befitting American citizenship. (similarity 0.79)
• Muslim America’s narrative is rooted in blackness, not Arab identity (similarity 0.78)
• The twenty-first century’s defining problem may be integrating Muslims into democratic societies (similarity 0.78)
• American Muslims were a model minority before the September 11 attacks (similarity 0.78)

Broader Connections

• Political crisis inclusion simultaneously mainstreams and marginalizes Arab-American communities #corroborates (0.92)
• Support of Muslims during crises doubles as repressive behavioral control of them #expands (0.75)
• Muslim citizenship in America is negated by religious identity after crises #qualifies (0.70) — Khaled A. Beydoun, American Islamophobia_ Understanding…, 340