Ancestry-based purity laws displaced religious conversion as a path to inclusion

Evidence

The Cordovan martyr movement was not the origin of these tensions between purity and segregation on the one hand and toleration and acculturation on the other. Indeed these tensions exist wherever Islam and Christianity (and, for that matter, Judaism) coexist. The martyrs merely provided a particularly dramatic and violent response to these tensions, and in so doing made cooperation nearly impossible (for a time) between Muslim authorities and Christian churchmen. — John V. Tolan, Saracens, 542 (#expands, via linked claim)

This transformation of Muslim identity into a racial identity has led to myriad assaults on Muslims’ religious freedoms. Similar to the racialization of Jews, Catholics, and Mormons a century ago, adherence to Islam imputes inferior biological and cultural traits to its followers. That is, to be Muslim is to be presumed to possess a pathology of violence, fanaticism, and despotism antithetical to (Christian) religious norms. — Sahar F. Aziz, The Racial Muslim, 712 (#expands, via linked claim)

Categorization

• XREF: connects to: Purity-versus-acculturation tension predates and recurs wherever religious groups coexist — John V. Tolan, Saracens, 542; Conversion stripped medieval minority institutions yet preserved social exclusion — L. P. Harvey, Muslims in Spain, 1500 to 1614, 1100; Conversion-or-death edicts turned religious identity into racial essence (+4 more)

Broader Connections

• Conversion-or-death edicts turned religious identity into racial essence #corroborates (0.85)
• Purity-versus-acculturation tension predates and recurs wherever religious groups coexist #expands (0.82) — John V. Tolan, Saracens, 542
• Religious identity can become racialized by imputing biological and cultural inferiority #expands (0.80) — Sahar F. Aziz, The Racial Muslim, 712
• Religion gets racialized by ascribing inherited biological traits to a faith community #expands (0.80) — Sahar F. Aziz, The Racial Muslim, 257
• Conversion stripped medieval minority institutions yet preserved social exclusion #complicates (0.78) — L. P. Harvey, Muslims in Spain, 1500 to 1614, 1100
• Religious justifications for subordination were recycled across successive immigrant groups #expands (0.72)