A meta-analysis synthesized 515 studies with 250,089 participants across 38 nations.

Evidence

The present article reports on such an effort, utilizing 515 individual studies with 713 independent samples and 1,383 nonindependent tests. Combined, 250,089 individuals from 38 nations participated in the research. Along with including more than 300 additional studies, this work extends an earlier preliminary analysis, presented in Pettigrew and Tropp (2000), in several important theoretical and empirical directions. — Thomas F. Pettigrew, Linda R. Tropp, A Meta-Analytic Test of Intergroup…, 30

Categorization

• XREF: connects to: Prior contact research reviews each covered fewer than 60 studies. — Thomas F. Pettigrew, Linda R. Tropp, A Meta-Analytic Test of Intergroup…, 24; Subjective literature reviews suffer selection biases that meta-analysis avoids. — Thomas F. Pettigrew, Linda R. Tropp, A Meta-Analytic Test of Intergroup…, 28; No meta-analysis of intergroup contact research existed before this study. — Thomas F. Pettigrew, Linda R. Tropp, A Meta-Analytic Test of Intergroup…, 29

Related

• No meta-analysis of intergroup contact research existed before this study. (similarity 0.93)
• Prior contact research reviews each covered fewer than 60 studies. (similarity 0.88)
• Subjective literature reviews suffer selection biases that meta-analysis avoids. (similarity 0.88)
• Meta-analysis pools all studies to estimate effect sizes and moderators (similarity 0.86)
• Contact studies vary in how they generalize findings beyond immediate settings. (similarity 0.83)
• Stronger contact effects in rigorous studies would confirm the contact-prejudice link. (similarity 0.82)
• Theorists now seek what is necessary, not just helpful, for contact success (similarity 0.81)
• Random effects meta-analysis suits heterogeneous literatures with ill-specified treatments (similarity 0.81)
• Early skeptics judged intergroup contact research premature and methodologically weak. (similarity 0.80)
• File-drawer tests assume uncovered unpublished studies form a random sample. (similarity 0.80)
• Contact research spans 250,493 respondents across 38 nations (similarity 0.80)
• Meta-analyses overestimate effect sizes because null results go unpublished. (similarity 0.79)
• Intergroup contact studies grew steadily across each decade since 1960 (similarity 0.79)
• Intergroup contact research has expanded beyond prejudice to test trust, forgiveness, and ingroup perception. (similarity 0.78)