Women of color face simultaneous oppression based on race and gender

Evidence

In the words of CRF foremother Professor Mari Matsuda, these women can experience “multiple consciousness,” an awareness of oppression they face based simultaneously upon their race/ethnicity and gender (Matsuda, 1992). The volume emphasizes not only discrimination faced, but also resilience, resistance, and formation of solutions. — David Theo Goldberg, John Solomos, A Companion to Racial and Ethnic Studies, 1145

Categorization

• DEFINE: Introduces Matsuda’s ‘multiple consciousness’ as a foundational CRF concept.
• XREF: Connects to Kimberlé Crenshaw’s intersectionality, a close cousin of multiple consciousness in critical race and feminist theory. — connects to: Women’s defenselessness functions as the legal title of their oppression; Career women face obstacles comparable to those confronting racialized newcomers — Simone de Beauvoir, The Second Sex, 1936; Critical Race Feminism centers women of color facing simultaneous race and gender oppression — David Theo Goldberg, John Solomos, A Companion to Racial and Ethnic Studies, 1145 (+4 more)
• corroborated: 2 independent passages support this claim — David Theo Goldberg, John Solomos, A Companion to Racial and Ethnic Studies, 1145