War on Terror discourse reduced all persons to citizens or terrorists, empowering the state

Evidence

Nuance of any sort was disavowed in favor of inflexible binaries. There were “citizens” and there were “terrorists,” a duality the state capitalized on to elevate itself above the rights of the polity and the very charter, the Constitution, that extended those civil liberties and defined state power. — Khaled A. Beydoun, The New Crusades_ Islamophobia and the…, 233

Categorization

• XREF: Connects to Iftikhar’s treatment of post-9/11 legal frameworks and the binary citizenship rhetoric both authors critique.