Vocabulary knowledge and reading comprehension serve as independent cognitive ability measures.

Evidence

Mill Hill Vocabulary Scale (MH) The Mill Hill (Raven et al. 1982 ) measures acquired verbal knowledge in a 20-word multiple-choice test. For each word participants selected the correct synonym from a list of six alternatives. A summary score of all correct answers was used. Nelson-Denny Reading Test (ND) The Nelson-Denny (Brown et al. 1981 ) is a reading comprehension test containing eight short passages. Participants were given 20 min to read the passages and answer 36 multiple-choice questions. The outcome measure was the number of correctly answered questions. — Dijk, Pim van, Physiology, Psychoacoustics and…, 1251

Categorization

• DEFINE: Clarifies what Mill Hill (verbal knowledge) and Nelson-Denny (reading comprehension) each operationalize.