Uneven economic development fragments workers into distinct segmented groups

Evidence

Uneven development of the economy leads rather naturally to the seg­ mentation of workers into distinct groups based on their unique historical experiences in the process of integration into the capitalist economy, on the relative power they have attained in various sectors, on their relative social, racial, ethnic, and sexual cohesiveness as well as on their differential treat­ ment by employers. — Samuel Bowles and Herbert Gintis, Schooling in Capitalist America, 671

Categorization

• XREF: connects to: Primary and secondary labor markets differ in wages, stability, and credential value — Samuel Bowles and Herbert Gintis, Schooling in Capitalist America:…, 672; Workers can demand their own exclusionary privileges that fragment solidarity — Samuel Bowles and Herbert Gintis, Schooling in Capitalist America:…, 811; Each labor wave faced a distinctive occupational experience tied to the economy’s stage — Samuel Bowles and Herbert Gintis, Schooling in Capitalist America:…, 669 (+10 more)

Broader Connections

• Differential incorporation of labor sectors systematically coincides with racist and ethnic segmentary features #expands (0.90)
• European deindustrialization after the 1970s fragmented entire categories of employed people #exemplifies (0.85) — David Theo Goldberg, John Solomos, A Companion to Racial and Ethnic Studies, 3152
• Proletarianization created divisions among workers instead of erasing them #corroborates (0.85)
• De-industrialisation fragmented labour and replaced class struggle with identity politics #corroborates (0.80) — Yanis Varoufakis, Technofeudalism, 672
• The labor periphery splits into career-stalled full-timers and precariously casual workers #exemplifies (0.80) — David Harvey, The Condition of Postmodernity, 888
• Immigrant labor fills unskilled work while natives hold direction and skilled trades #qualifies (0.75)
• Factory division of labor reduces workers to fragments of persons #expands (0.70) — David Harvey, The Condition of Postmodernity, 634
• Capitalist accumulation itself systematically produces a redundant working population #complicates (0.70) — Clara E. Mattei, Escape from Capitalism, 243