Threat dynamics among status-equal groups remain unexamined.

Evidence

This meta-analysis also suggests additional directions for research on intergroup threat. Although the relationship between intergroup threat and outgroup attitudes is stronger when a high status group is threatened by a lower status outgroup, than vice versa, it is unclear how threat will relate to attitudes when low status groups are threatened by other low status groups, or when high status group members are threatened by another high status group. For example, when racial minorities perceive realistic or symbolic threat from other minorities, will these threats impact attitudes to the same degree as when racial minorities are threatened by Whites? — Blake M. Riek, Eric W. Mania, and Samuel L. Gaertner, Intergroup Threat and Outgroup Attitudes, 152

Categorization

• QUESTION: Extends the earlier finding that threat effects differ by status into an untested equal-status condition.
• XREF: connects to: Ingroup identification strength moderates whether group-level or individual-level threats drive attitudes. — Blake M. Riek, Eric W. Mania, and Samuel L. Gaertner, Intergroup Threat and Outgroup…, 151; Threat from similar outgroups drives more bias than threat from dissimilar ones. — Blake M. Riek, Eric W. Mania, and Samuel L. Gaertner, Intergroup Threat and Outgroup…, 59

Related

• Equal-status group threat effects remain unexplored (similarity 0.95)
• Group status moderates threat-attitude relationships (similarity 0.93)
• Threat effects on attitudes are stronger for low-status than high-status outgroups (similarity 0.91)
• Uncertain, unfamiliar, low-power settings maximize perceived outgroup threat. (similarity 0.86)
• Threat from similar outgroups drives more bias than threat from dissimilar ones. (similarity 0.85)
• Anticipatory loss of group standing drives outgroup discrimination (similarity 0.85)
• Intergroup contact asymmetries moderate how much anxiety shapes outgroup attitudes by status (similarity 0.84)
• Intergroup threat and negative outgroup attitudes relate bidirectionally, not one-way. (similarity 0.84)
• Meta-analysis across studies quantifies how distinct intergroup threat types relate to outgroup attitudes. (similarity 0.83)
• Perceived threat amplifies both in-group favoritism and out-group hostility (similarity 0.83)
• Group threats act through intergroup emotions to reach outgroup attitudes. (similarity 0.83)
• Similarity of an outgroup raises bias only among highly identified ingroup members. (similarity 0.83)
• Perceived outgroup threats damage intergroup relations even without hostility (similarity 0.82)
• Group-based identity forces precede realistic and symbolic threat perception (similarity 0.82)
• Experimentally manipulated realistic threat shows far weaker attitude effects than measured threat (similarity 0.82)