The world’s ethnic diversity and natural resource wealth coincide geographically with extractive violence

Evidence

86 Ogoniland belongs to the tropical belt that runs through the Amazon, West and Central Africa, Indonesia, and Papua and New Guinea, a zone that possesses the world’s most diverse, ethnically fractured populations (400 ethnicities in Nigeria, several thousand in New Guinea) as well as unusually rich natural resources (oil, precious minerals, and timber). It is in this strip that American, European, Japanese, and Chinese extraction industry multinationals, frequently supported by authoritarian regimes, operate with maximum violence and impunity. — Rob Nixon, Slow Violence and the Environmentalism…, 1376

Categorization

• XREF: Connects to ch14 on the resource curse manufactured by Western-designed international law, and to the extraction/globalization strand of the Eco-Justice polyad. — connects to: Resource rebellions stem from a clash between short-term extractors and long-term residents — Rob Nixon, Slow Violence and the Environmentalism…, 51; Resource depletion, distrust, and ethnic politics jointly trigger social unrest — Rob Nixon, Slow Violence and the Environmentalism…, 1163; Separatist violence arises when cultural and geographic divisions coincide (+1 more)

Broader Connections

• Separatist movements arise when cultural differences align with geographic boundaries #corroborates (0.75) — Samuel P. Huntington, The Clash of Civilizations and the…, 374
• Separatist violence arises when cultural and geographic divisions coincide #corroborates (0.72)