The substance behind democratic homogeneity shifts historically, from religious conviction to national belonging.

Evidence

Examining this question from a historical angle. he also points out that ‘In the democracy of English sects during the seventeenth century equality was based on a consensus of religious convictions. However. since the nineteenth century it has existed above all in membership in a particular nation, in national homogeneity.’ — Chantal Mouffe, The Democratic Paradox, 176

Categorization

• XREF: connects to: Native tribal membership is politically constructed through shifting and gendered standards.; Group boundaries shift from blood to permeable culture, religion, and citizenship over time. — Bernard Lewis, From Babel to Dragomans: Interpreting…, 1015; Secularization shifts belonging from racial birthright to formal qualification and earned commitment. — David Theo Goldberg, The Threat of Race: Reflections on…, 1588 (+6 more)

Broader Connections

• Group boundaries shift from blood to permeable culture, religion, and citizenship over time. #expands (0.85) — Bernard Lewis, From Babel to Dragomans, 1015
• Nation-state politics redefined conversion from religious change to demographic contest #expands (0.80) — Ambedkar, B R, Annihilation of Caste_ The Annotated…, 143
• Local demographics shaped whether nationalism took religious or secular form #qualifies (0.79) — David Theo Goldberg, John Solomos, A Companion to Racial and Ethnic Studies, 3473
• Secularization shifts belonging from racial birthright to formal qualification and earned commitment. #exemplifies (0.78) — David Theo Goldberg, The Threat of Race, 1588
• Mode of production can assign dominance to politics or religion in different epochs #expands (0.76)
• Cultural affinity now outweighs shared ideology as a political glue #exemplifies (0.75) — Samuel P. Huntington, The Clash of Civilizations and the…, 44
• National identities vary from civic inclusion to ethnonational exclusion of others. #qualifies (0.74) — Erin K. Jenne and Promise Frank Ejiofor, Ethnopopulism and genocidal…, 25
• Secularist bias hid that nationalism and religion fused while remaining distinct #complicates (0.72) — Nadim N. Rouhana and Nadera Shalhoub-Kevorkian, When Politics Are Sacralized, 70