The name Palestine was never attached to a state before the British Mandate.

Evidence

The constitution or the formation of a political entity called Palestine which eventually gave rise to a nationality called Palestinian and the reconstitution of Jerusalem as the capital were, it seems to me, very important, and as it turns out, lasting innovations of the British Mandate. Even in the Ottoman period Jerusalem was the capital of the district of Jerusalem, but there were separate districts ruled from other cities such as Safed and Nabulus and Gaza. All of them sub-divisions of larger provinces governed at various times from Damascus, Si­ don, or Beirut. — Bernard Lewis, From Babel to Dragomans, 818 (#expands, via linked claim)

To remind you briefly, the name Palestine occurs in Greco-Roman antiquity. The authorized version of the Old Testament names Palestine three times. All three were removed in the revised version because they were mis-translations of the word Philistia—Hebrew Peleshet—the Land of the Philistines; not Palestine but Philistia. The word does not occur at all in the New Testament. It appears in late Roman times as the name of a province, then of two provinces, then of three provinces in the late Roman Empire. The name survived briefly in the early Arab Empire, and then disappeared. The Crusaders called the country the Holy Land and their state the Kingdom of Jerusalem. After the end of the ancient Jewish states, the capital of the administrative districts called Palestine were not in Jerusalem but elsewhere, in Caesarea, in Ramleh, in Lydda, in various other places. The only time between the ancient and modern Jewish states when Je­ rusalem was the capital was the Crusader Kingdom, the Latin Kingdom of Je­ rusalem as it was called. And that was a comparatively brief interlude. — Bernard Lewis, From Babel to Dragomans, 815 (#corroborates, via linked claim)

Categorization

• XREF: connects to: Palestine as a name carried no continuous statehood or Jerusalem-capital tradition — Bernard Lewis, From Babel to Dragomans: Interpreting…, 815; British administrative unification, not Ottoman precedent, created Palestine as a single political unit — Bernard Lewis, From Babel to Dragomans: Interpreting…, 818; British rule created the political entity of Palestine and a Palestinian nationality.

Broader Connections

• Palestine as a name carried no continuous statehood or Jerusalem-capital tradition #corroborates (0.95) — Bernard Lewis, From Babel to Dragomans, 815
• British administrative unification, not Ottoman precedent, created Palestine as a single political unit #expands (0.95) — Bernard Lewis, From Babel to Dragomans, 818
• British rule created the political entity of Palestine and a Palestinian nationality. #expands (0.95)