The Latin European portrait of Islam came from Greek and Arab Christians.

Evidence

In a world in which every man was dependent on the favour of his rulers, such as was the urban society of Iraq and Syria under the Umayyads and ‘Abbasids, and such as had been that same urban society under the Seleucids and the Romans, there was nothing desperate, or even unusual in the situation of Christians - and Jews - as clients; but, as the years passed, there was undoubtedly an increasing bitterness. The ideas of Islam which Christians first formed under these conditions were absorbed and adapted by the Latin West; and it is the creation of a canon of what (according to the Latins) Muslims believe and do that is the subject of the present study. The integrated view thus created was purely European; but it had come to the Latins through their capacity to make the traditions of Greeks, of Arab Christians and, in Spain, of Mozarabs, their own. — Norman Daniel, Islam and the West, 46

Categorization

• SEED: Article angle: how ‘Western’ views of Islam are actually built from conquered Greek and Arabic Christian sources adapted by Latin Europe — a genealogy of a canon nobody acknowledges as hybrid.