The Jim Crow era and the woman’s era were simultaneous and mutually shaping

Evidence

The cynical era of Jim Crow and the optimistic woman’s era stood entangled one with the other—their imbrication giving shape to the black Baptist women’s nationalist, yet feminist appeal. The complexity of the racial and gender meanings of the age suggests both the multiple consciousness and multiple positioning of black women, and also the complexity of the black church itself—an institution overwhelmingly female in membership. The church, like the black community, cannot be viewed solely through the lens of race. A gender perspective on the black church reminds us that the history of African Americans cannot be excluded from the important effort to identify and study social relations between men and women. — Evelyn Brooks Higginbotham, Righteous Discontent, 92

Categorization

• DEFINE: Introduces the ‘imbrication’ of Jim Crow cynicism with the optimistic woman’s era as the frame for black Baptist women’s dual nationalist-feminist appeal.
• XREF: connects to: Black women experienced race through gender and gender through race simultaneously — Evelyn Brooks Higginbotham, Righteous Discontent: The Women’s…, 559; Women of color face simultaneous oppression based on race and gender — David Theo Goldberg, John Solomos, A Companion to Racial and Ethnic Studies, 1145

Broader Connections

• Black women experienced race through gender and gender through race simultaneously #expands (0.85) — Evelyn Brooks Higginbotham, Righteous Discontent, 559
• Women of color face simultaneous oppression based on race and gender #expands (0.78) — David Theo Goldberg, John Solomos, A Companion to Racial and Ethnic Studies, 1145