The Institute relied on informal, uncontractual labor while presenting members as permanent.

Evidence

The Institute had received `a grant of 2000’ for Neumann from the Emergency Committee in 1936 on the basis of an assurance that he would later become a full-time associate, and he was listed as such in the 1938 prospectus. However, as was the case with most of the others, the Institute did not enter into a formal employment contract with Neumann. — Rolf Wiggershaus, The Frankfurt School, 250

Categorization

• XREF: Mirrors the earlier pattern of the Institute’s funding insecurity reaching every staff member, including Benjamin and Fromm. — connects to: Institute members were expected to take outside jobs that could benefit the Institute later. — Rolf Wiggershaus, The Frankfurt School: Its History,…, 322
• yield-rescued: below the book’s yield-target cutoff, included anyway for connecting to: Institute members were expected to take outside jobs that could benefit the Institute later. — Rolf Wiggershaus, The Frankfurt School: Its History,…, 322