The French state classified settlers and harkis unequally to erase Algeria’s Frenchness.
Evidence
In 1962, almost all of those Algerians who were known as ‘Europeans’ – who others named Pieds-Noirs, or settlers – became repatriates, people who came back to their (European) homeland. Other Algerians with French citizenship who sought to stay in France by fleeing to the metropole, those known as harkis (and others who, like them, had been categorized as ‘Muslim’) were shuffled into the category refugees. Both terms worked to erase the 132 years of French claims that Algeria was France, by obscuring the position of these French people from Algeria. France became, territorially, more European at the very moment it affirmed that only those people from Algeria who were ‘European’ were truly French. — Manuel Borutta and Jan C. Jansen, Vertriebene and Pieds-Noirs in Postwar…, 266
Categorization
- XREF: connects to: French authorities repatriated anti-French Algerians while abandoning loyal harkis to slaughter — Manuel Borutta and Jan C. Jansen, Vertriebene and Pieds-Noirs in Postwar…, 902; Algerian war sacrifices for France earned no meaningful citizenship in return — Horne, Alistair, A Savage War of Peace- Algeria 1954-1962, 101; France stiffened citizenship requirements by demanding proof of cultural Frenchness (+1 more)
Broader Connections
- France stiffened citizenship requirements by demanding proof of cultural Frenchness
#expands(0.85) - French authorities repatriated anti-French Algerians while abandoning loyal harkis to slaughter
#complicates(0.80) — Manuel Borutta and Jan C. Jansen, Vertriebene and Pieds-Noirs in Postwar…, 902 - Algerian war sacrifices for France earned no meaningful citizenship in return
#qualifies(0.75) — Horne, Alistair, A Savage War of Peace- Algeria 1954-1962, 101 - Pied noirs justified Frenchness by blood shed in two world wars
#responds-to(0.70)