The exiled Institute employed a large permanent staff and funded 130 émigré academics.

Evidence

The Institute was an impressive organization. In 1938 its permanent members, apart from Horkheimer and Pollock, were Fromm, Grossmann, Gumperz, Lowenthal, Marcuse, Neumann, Adorno and Wittfogel. The research associates varied from year to year, but Otto Kirchheimer and Fritz Karsen were there on a long-term basis, while there were six to eight shorter-term ones. There were also between four and six secretaries. Two young historians, Moses Finkelstein (later Finley) and Benjamin Nelson, worked as translators and editorial assistants. There were additional short-term and part-time posts connected with empirical research. To round off the picture of the Institute’s expenditure: according to an estimate made by Pollock, it donated around $200,000 in grants to support émigré academics, with individual grants to around 130 people, in the decade between 1933 and 1942. — Rolf Wiggershaus, The Frankfurt School, 1039

Categorization

• XREF: Scale and staffing of exilic intellectual institutions connects to parallel refugee-academic histories; also notable that Moses Finley appears here as a staff translator before his later career. — connects to: The Institute spent $200,000 supporting about 130 émigré academics across a decade — Rolf Wiggershaus, The Frankfurt School: Its History,…, 1039; The exiled Frankfurt Institute ran on grants while preparing its staff for academic careers. — Rolf Wiggershaus, The Frankfurt School: Its History,…, 1099

Broader Connections

• The exiled Frankfurt Institute ran on grants while preparing its staff for academic careers. #expands (0.85) — Rolf Wiggershaus, The Frankfurt School, 1099