Targeted surveillance became undeniable only after Snowden exposed secret intelligence-industry data partnerships

Evidence

Morozov was also an early critic of Big Tech’s invasive use of personal data for targeted advertising. In 2013, whistleblower Edward Snowden revealed the extent to which American intelligence agencies accessed private user data through sprawling surveillance programs that relied on secret partnerships with Big Tech. What once sounded paranoid—the idea that every online action could be tracked and weaponized—suddenly became undeniable. By 2018, Shoshana Zuboff coined the term surveillance capitalism to describe these practices, framing targeted advertising as an “assault on human autonomy” and a “coup from above.” — W. David Marx, Blank Space, 493

Categorization

Category: Definitional Content

  • DEFINE: Defines surveillance capitalism via Zuboff as an assault on autonomy and a coup from above.
  • XREF: Connects to writing on information overload and how commercialized data extraction structures attention.