Stigma itself constitutes an injury distinct from material loss

Evidence

Of the intangible injuries Japanese Americans experienced, none was bigger than the stigma that “marked the excluded,” the badge of inferiority they were forced to wear. The report rightly noted that “the deprivation of liberty is no less injurious because it wounds the spirit rather than the body…. Two and a half years behind the barbed-wire of a relocation camp, branded potentially disloyal because of one’s ethnicity alone—these injustices cannot neatly be translated into dollars and cents.” — Dorothy A. Brown, Getting to Reparations, 204

Categorization

• DEFINE: This establishes the category of intangible/stigmatic harm that resists quantification — central to the reparations ledger Brown defends.
• XREF: The distinction between measurable material loss and non-quantifiable stigmatic injury is the same architecture Brown needs: reparations accounting must hold both. — connects to: An injury becomes a lawsuit only when a legal entitlement is violated — G. Alan Tarr, Judicial Process and Judicial…, 1055