Spectrum components are partials and only integer-related ones are harmonics

Evidence

The individual sine wave components of the waveform are often called the partials of the waveform. If they are integer related, as in the square wave, then they can be called harmonics. The lowest frequency is called the fundamental, or first harmonic, and the higher-frequency harmonics are labeled according to their frequency multiple relative to the fundamental. … Partials, on the other hand, need not be harmonically related to the fundamental and are numbered in their order of appearance with frequency. … So for the square wave, the second partial is the third harmonic and the third partial is the fifth harmonic. — David M. Howard, Jamie Angus, Acoustics and Psychoacoustics, 450

Categorization

• DEFINE: Clarifies the exact terminology distinction between partials and harmonics, a source of frequent confusion.
• XREF: connects to: Harmonics are integer-related partials while partials need not be harmonic; Partials become harmonics only when integer-related to the fundamental — David M. Howard, Jamie Angus, Acoustics and Psychoacoustics, 450; Harmonic tones are integer multiples of a fundamental frequency — Jennifer Lentz, Psychoacoustics- Perception of Normal…, 1180 (+3 more)

Broader Connections

• Harmonics are integer-related partials while partials need not be harmonic #corroborates (0.98)
• Harmonics are integer related to the fundamental, whereas partials need not be. #corroborates (0.98) — David Howard, Jamie Angus, coustics and Psychoacoustics, 447
• Partials become harmonics only when integer-related to the fundamental #corroborates (0.95) — David M. Howard, Jamie Angus, Acoustics and Psychoacoustics, 450
• Harmonic tones are integer multiples of a fundamental frequency #qualifies (0.75) — Jennifer Lentz, Psychoacoustics- Perception of Normal…, 1180
• The term overtone numbers components above the fundamental, offset by one from harmonics #qualifies (0.72)
• Simple integer frequency ratios minimize partial interference and thus dissonance #expands (0.70)