Southern congressmen racialized southern Europeans by analogy to miscegenation with Blacks.

Evidence

Southern Congressmen repeatedly referred to the mixed blood of southern Europeans and pointed to the further mixing of Latins and Negroes occurring in South America as an object lesson for the United States; Cong. — John Higham, Strangers in the Land, 2304

Categorization

• XREF: Connects directly to the reader’s interest in how the enemy category passes through racialization — here by grafting onto an existing color line. — connects to: Southern congressmen framed southern European immigrants as racially impure — John Higham, Strangers in the Land: Patterns of…, 984; Southern European immigrants were lynched for being racialized as Black — Sahar F. Aziz, The Racial Muslim: When Racism Quashes…, 392; Early-1900s American intellectuals classified Southern and Eastern European immigrants as racially inferior — Sahar F. Aziz, The Racial Muslim: When Racism Quashes…, 239 (+4 more)

Broader Connections

• Italians in the American South were raced toward Blackness and lynched #exemplifies (0.90) — Sahar F. Aziz, The Racial Muslim, 392
• Southern European immigrants were lynched for being racialized as Black #exemplifies (0.85) — Sahar F. Aziz, The Racial Muslim, 392
• Southern and eastern European immigrants were racialized before entering whiteness after WWII #expands (0.85) — Deepa Kumar, Islamophobia and the Politics of Empire, 227
• Italians were lynched for refusing to uphold Southern racial hierarchy. #exemplifies (0.85)
• Early-1900s American intellectuals classified Southern and Eastern European immigrants as racially inferior #expands (0.80) — Sahar F. Aziz, The Racial Muslim, 239
• Southern and Eastern Europeans were once branded unassimilable in the USA #expands (0.75)