Sound source location is encoded in waveform distortions between the ears

Evidence

Any physical aspect of the acoustic waveforms reaching a listener’s ears that is altered by changes in the position of the sound source may be considered a potential cue in localization. The sound signal undergoes linear distortion, or changes in spectral or temporal content, when propagating from a source to the listener’s ears. This distortion forms the basis of most acoustic cues. The cues are commonly grouped as binaural (or interaural) and monaural cues (Blauert, 1996). Binaural cues are derived from the differences in the signals between the two ears. The two binaural cues, which are also the main acoustic cues in general, are the interaural time difference (ITD) and the interaural level difference (ILD). The ILD is also often called the interaural intensity difference (IID). Particularly in the horizontal plane, these cues have been found to be dominant in localization. — Ville Pulkki, Matti Karjalainen, Communication Acoustics- An…, 1425

Categorization

• DEFINE: Defines binaural vs monaural localization cues and introduces ITD/ILD as the two primary ones — a foundational vocabulary passage for the reader’s applications focus.
• XREF: connects to: Sound source location is encoded by distinct dynamic binaural cues — Dijk, Pim van, Physiology, Psychoacoustics and…, 3181; Binaural hearing enables sound-source direction perception that one ear cannot produce — Professor Dr.-Ing. Hugo Fastl, Professor Dr.-Ing. Eberhard, Psychoacoustics- Facts and Models, 1621; Human ears add distortion when sounds begin — Schafer, Murray R, The Soundscape- Our Sonic Environment…, 880 (+2 more)

Broader Connections

• Sound source location is encoded by distinct dynamic binaural cues #corroborates (0.95) — Dijk, Pim van, Physiology, Psychoacoustics and…, 3181
• Human ears add distortion when sounds begin #expands (0.90) — Schafer, Murray R, The Soundscape- Our Sonic Environment…, 880
• Binaural hearing enables sound-source direction perception that one ear cannot produce #corroborates (0.85) — Professor Dr.-Ing. Hugo Fastl, Professor Dr.-Ing. Eberhard, Psychoacoustics- Facts and Models, 1621
• The ear itself generates audible nonlinear distortion tones from two simple inputs #expands (0.85)
• Binaural hearing aid processing preserves spatial cues that monaural processing distorts #qualifies (0.80) — Ville Pulkki, Matti Karjalainen, Communication Acoustics- An…, 2754