Solving the cheating problem can come at a direct cost to consumers.

Evidence

It must be stressed, however, that this system is not a solution to the problem as I have described it but rather a different system altogether, more akin to the one which was used before the radio was introduced and in which the customers themselves telephoned the taxi rank. This new system is not efficient from the point of view of the customer, who on average waits longer and pays more (the meter starts running at the moment the call is taken). Customers living in the suburbs, in particular, are penalized, for parking lots are concentrated in the city center. — Diego Gambetta, The Sicilian Mafia The Business of…, 605