Segregation research expanded from measuring racial patterns to analyzing class-based consequences on individual outcomes.

Evidence

As social science approaches the millennium, therefore, interest in residential segregation has broadened not only to include issues of measurement and causality, but increasingly to focus on the consequences of segregation by class as well as race and ethnicity. In order to disentangle the independent effects of metropolitan structure, neighborhood composition, and family circumstances on individual social and economic outcomes, researchers have turned increasingly to multilevel models and longitudinal data sets. — David Theo Goldberg, John Solomos, A Companion to Racial and Ethnic Studies, 2436

Categorization

• XREF: Connects to the Chicago School ecological tradition and to the spatial mismatch literature on neighborhoods and opportunity.