Russian Marxists split over whether revolution would yield workers’ or joint-class rule.

Evidence

Trotsky’s theory of permanent revolution was not really developed before his “Balances and Prospects” of 1906. However, in 1905 he had published a pamphlet called “The period up to 9 January” which was published with a preface by Parvus which stated that “The Revolutionary Provisional Government of Russia will be the government of a workers’ democracy … a coherent government with a social-democratic majority”. This position differed both from that of the Menshevilis, who believed that the revolution was necessarily bourgeois in character and that the social-democrats should adopt an abstentionist attitude, and from that of the Bolsheviks, who stood precisely for a “revolutionary-democratic dictatorship of workers and peasants”. — Antonio Gramsci, Selections from the Prison Notebooks, 2173

Categorization

• XREF: Grounds the ‘hegemony’ concept Gramsci develops elsewhere — the debate over which class bloc can lead a revolution is the seedbed of the proletariat-as-leading-class idea that later carries into his analysis of consent and common sense. — connects to: Russian revolutionary factions split over whether a workers’ or cross-class democracy should govern; Trotsky’s permanent revolution theory broke from both Menshevik and Bolshevik positions

Broader Connections

• Russian revolutionary factions split over whether a workers’ or cross-class democracy should govern #corroborates (0.95)
• Trotsky’s permanent revolution theory broke from both Menshevik and Bolshevik positions #expands (0.85)