Repression intensified in direct response to Black achievement

Evidence

These strategies intensified whenever Black people asserted their independence or achieved any measure of success. … As historian Douglas A. Blackmon’s Pulitzer Prize–winning book documents, it was Slavery by Another Name. But unlike slavery, in which enslavers at least had a financial interest in keeping enslaved people alive and functional, convict leasing stripped imprisoned people of any protection and made them completely replaceable and easily discarded. — Nikole Hannah-Jones et al., The 1619 Project, 848

Categorization

• XREF: Illustrates the reader’s ‘deviation vs design’ lens: Black success was treated as deviation from a design that presumed Black subordination. — connects to: Black scientists achieved breakthroughs whenever exclusionary structures permitted them access — David Theo Goldberg, John Solomos, A Companion to Racial and Ethnic Studies, 1578; Showcasing accomplished black speakers countered racist deficit narratives and raised aspirations — Evelyn Brooks Higginbotham, Righteous Discontent: The Women’s…, 776