Japanese internment is the acknowledged racial imprisonment but Black criminalization predates and outlasted it

Evidence

What happened to Japanese Americans during World War II is one of the most glaring examples in recent history of a people being imprisoned solely because of their race, but this practice has a long history in our country. Black Americans, once freed, were also criminalized because of their race, for both economic and social reasons, and have never received cash compensation for their loss of liberty. — Dorothy A. Brown, Getting to Reparations, 276

Categorization

• XREF: Direct comparison case: Japanese-American internment reparations happened but Black equivalent never did — useful contrast for a reparations legal brief.