Religious political ascendance in the late twentieth century was a global, not Muslim-specific, phenomenon

Evidence

In the last quarter of the twentieth century, religious fundamentalisms of various stripes began a process of ascendance. In India, for instance, Hindu extremists began to gain ground in the political vacuum created by the failures of the secular nationalist Congress Party. This political opening, coupled with the ravages of liberalization, allowed the Hindu right to come to power, and consequently to push through a program of Hindutva, the Hinduization of society. In the United States, Christian fundamentalism in the form of the New Right started to impact politics in the late 1970s. Gaining momentum as a backlash against the progressive movements of the 1960s, the fundamentalists succeeded over the course of the next few decades in shifting the terms of debate on most social issues to the right. The same is true of Jewish ultranationalist and fundamentalist organizations in Israel. In short, the entry of religion into politics is not unique to countries where Islam is the dominant religion. — Deepa Kumar, Islamophobia and the Politics of Empire, 314

Categorization

• XREF: Directly counters the framing the reader interrogates via Grosfoguel/Rana/Selod/Iftikhar — that Islamism is exceptionalized while Hindu, Christian, and Jewish fundamentalisms are naturalized. — connects to: Visible religious practice gets read as potential for radicalization — , Selod, Saher - Forever Suspect_…, 401; Political Islam is a contemporary construct, not a natural outgrowth of Muslim societies. — Deepa Kumar, Islamophobia and the Politics of Empire, 30; Political Islam parallels other modern fundamentalisms rather than stemming from Islam’s essence — Deepa Kumar, Islamophobia and the Politics of Empire, 285 (+9 more)

Broader Connections

• Mode of production can assign dominance to politics or religion in different epochs #corroborates (0.50)